Algebra 2 (& GT)
Unit 3: Polynomial Functions
What will my child learn?
Students will:
Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
A.APR.A.1
Understand that polynomials form a system analogous to the integers, namely, they are closed under the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication; add, subtract, and multiply polynomials (SAT® Content - PAM.04).
Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities.
F.BF.A.1
Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities.
b. Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations.
Analyze functions using different representations.
F.IF.C.7
Graph functions expressed symbolically and show key features of the graph, by hand in simple cases and using technology for more complicated cases.*
c. Graph polynomial functions, identifying zeros when suitable factorizations are available, and showing end behavior.
Interpret functions that arise in applications in terms of a context.
F.IF.B.4
For a function that models a relationship between two quantities, interpret key features of graphs and tables in terms of the quantities, and sketch graphs showing key features given a verbal description of the relationship. Key features include: intercepts; intervals where the function is increasing, decreasing, positive, or negative; relative maximums and minimums; symmetries; and end behavior.*
Build new functions from existing functions.
F.BF.B.3
Identify the effect on the graph of replacing f(x) by f(x) + k, k f(x), f(kx), and f(x + k) for specific values of k (both positive and negative); find the value of k given the graphs. Experiment with cases and illustrate an explanation of the effects on the graph using technology. Include recognizing even and odd functions from their graphs and algebraic expressions for them.
Analyze functions using different representations.
F.IF.C.9
Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions).
Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
A.APR.B.3
Identify zeros of polynomials when suitable factorizations are available, and use the zeros to construct a rough graph of the function defined by the polynomial.
Represent and solve equations graphically.
A.REI.D.11
Explain why the x-coordinates of the points where the graphs of the equations y=f(x) and y=g(x) intersect are the solutions of the equation f(x)=g(x); find the solutions approximately, e.g., using technology to graph the functions, make tables of values, or find successive approximations.
Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
A.APR.C.4
Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships. For example, the polynomial identity (x^2 + y^2)^2 = (x^2 – y^2)^2 + (2xy)^2 can be used to generate Pythagorean triples.
A.APR.C.5 (+)
Know and apply the Binomial Theorem for the expansion of (x + y)^n in powers of x and y for a positive integer n, where x and y are any numbers, with coefficients determined for example by Pascal’s triangle. (Algebra II GT only)
Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
A.APR.B.2
Know and apply the Remainder Theorem: For a polynomial p(x) and a number a, the remainder on division by x – a is p(a), so p(a) = 0 if and only if (x – a) is a factor of p(x) (SAT® Content - PAM.05).
Students will:
Perform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
A.APR.A.1
Understand that polynomials form a system analogous to the integers, namely, they are closed under the operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication; add, subtract, and multiply polynomials (SAT® Content - PAM.04).
- Check for Understanding: Adding and Subtracting Polynomials | Multiplying Polynomials
- Review/Rewind: Adding and Subtracting Polynomials Review | Multiplying Polynomials Review
Build a function that models a relationship between two quantities.
F.BF.A.1
Write a function that describes a relationship between two quantities.
b. Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations.
- Check for Understanding: Modeling with One-Variable Equations and Inequalities
- Review/Rewind: Modeling with Combined Functions
Analyze functions using different representations.
F.IF.C.7
Graph functions expressed symbolically and show key features of the graph, by hand in simple cases and using technology for more complicated cases.*
c. Graph polynomial functions, identifying zeros when suitable factorizations are available, and showing end behavior.
- Check for Understanding: Zeros of Polynomials and their Graphs | Positive and Negative Intervals of Graphs | Intro to End Behavior
- Review/Rewind: Zeros of Polynomials and their Graphs | Positive and Negative Intervals of Polynomials | End Behavior of Polynomials
Interpret functions that arise in applications in terms of a context.
F.IF.B.4
For a function that models a relationship between two quantities, interpret key features of graphs and tables in terms of the quantities, and sketch graphs showing key features given a verbal description of the relationship. Key features include: intercepts; intervals where the function is increasing, decreasing, positive, or negative; relative maximums and minimums; symmetries; and end behavior.*
- Check for Understanding: Interpreting Features of Functions | Positive and Negative Parts of Functions
- Review/Rewind: Match Features of a Modeling Function to Its Real World Meaning | Positive and Negative Parts of a Function
Build new functions from existing functions.
F.BF.B.3
Identify the effect on the graph of replacing f(x) by f(x) + k, k f(x), f(kx), and f(x + k) for specific values of k (both positive and negative); find the value of k given the graphs. Experiment with cases and illustrate an explanation of the effects on the graph using technology. Include recognizing even and odd functions from their graphs and algebraic expressions for them.
- Check for Understanding: Even and Odd Functions | Shifting and Reflecting Functions
- Review/Rewind: Intro to Function Symmetry | Shifting and Reflecting Functions
Analyze functions using different representations.
F.IF.C.9
Compare properties of two functions each represented in a different way (algebraically, graphically, numerically in tables, or by verbal descriptions).
- Check for Understanding: Comparing Features of Functions
- Review/Rewind: Comparing Features of Functions Review
Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
A.APR.B.3
Identify zeros of polynomials when suitable factorizations are available, and use the zeros to construct a rough graph of the function defined by the polynomial.
- Check for Understanding: Using Zeros to Graph Polynomials
- Review/Rewind: Zeros of Polynomials and their Graphs
Represent and solve equations graphically.
A.REI.D.11
Explain why the x-coordinates of the points where the graphs of the equations y=f(x) and y=g(x) intersect are the solutions of the equation f(x)=g(x); find the solutions approximately, e.g., using technology to graph the functions, make tables of values, or find successive approximations.
- Check for Understanding: Intersecting Functions | Systems of Nonlinear Equations
- Review/Rewind: Solving Systems of Equations Graphically | Interpreting Equations Graphically
Use polynomial identities to solve problems.
A.APR.C.4
Prove polynomial identities and use them to describe numerical relationships. For example, the polynomial identity (x^2 + y^2)^2 = (x^2 – y^2)^2 + (2xy)^2 can be used to generate Pythagorean triples.
- Check for Understanding: Polynomial Identities
- Review/Rewind: Analyzing Polynomial Identities
A.APR.C.5 (+)
Know and apply the Binomial Theorem for the expansion of (x + y)^n in powers of x and y for a positive integer n, where x and y are any numbers, with coefficients determined for example by Pascal’s triangle. (Algebra II GT only)
- Check for Understanding: Binomial Theorem
- Review/Rewind: Intro to the Binomial Theorem
Understand the relationship between zeros and factors of polynomials.
A.APR.B.2
Know and apply the Remainder Theorem: For a polynomial p(x) and a number a, the remainder on division by x – a is p(a), so p(a) = 0 if and only if (x – a) is a factor of p(x) (SAT® Content - PAM.05).
- Check for Understanding: Reminder Theorem of Polynomials
- Review/Rewind: Polynomial Remainder Theorem
What are some signs of student mastery?
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Tools & Technology
Desmos is a free online graphing calculator that works on any computer or tablet without requiring any downloads. A FREE Desmos iPad app is available too! Practice your skills with Adding and Subtracting Polynomials Battleship |